Dental Implant -Learn it easy with stencildent
DENTAL IMPLANT
- A dental implant is a material /device in and or on oral tissue to support an oral prosthesis
PARTS OF AN IMPLANT :
- ABUTMENT- Support crown,provide retention
- IMPLANT BODY-Placed in bone
- HEALING SCREW-Prevent growth of tissue at edge of implant
- HEALING CAP-Maintenance of tissue
CHARACTERISTICS OF IMPLANT :
1)Sterile
2)Highly biocompatible
3)Should have primary stability
4)Should have adequate loading at time of healing
5)It should have surface configuration
6)It should consist of 2 parts :
a)Favour bioadhesion
b)Non-adhesion
CLASSIFICATION:
A)MATERIAL USED :
1)METAL AND ALLOY :Titanium and its alloy ,stainless steel
2)CERAMIC:Made of carbon with stainless steel
3)POLYMER AND COMPOSITE:Polymethylmethacrylate,polytetrafluorethylene
B)BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE:
1)BIOTOLERANT :
- Gold
- Cobalt-chromium
- Not easily rejected when implanted in living tissue
2)BIOINERT:
- Titanium
- Allow close opposition of bone
3)BIOACTIVE:
- Bioglass
- Material that allow formation of bone onto their surface
C)BASED ON HISTOLOGY:
- Osseointegrated
- non-ossteointegrated
D)BASED ON DESIGN OF IMPLANT :
1)ENDOSTEAL
- Placed in alveolar ,basal bone
- Eg.blade implant
2)SUB-PERIOSTEAL
- Below periosteum above bony cortex
3)TRANSOSTEAL
- Penetrate both cortical plate
- Eg:trans mandibular implant
E)BASED ON MACROSCOPIC DESIGN :
1)Threaded
2)Cylindrical
3)Hollow
F)BASED ON SURFACE TREATMENT :
1)Aluminium oxide coated
2)Titanium plasma sprayed
3)Hydroxyapatite coated
4)Machined
5)Blasted
6)Electropolished
FUNCTIONS OF IMPLANT MATERIAL:
1)STAINLESS STEEL:
- High strength ,ductility
- Rarely used
- Corrosion resistance
2)TITANIUM :
- Ability to recover itself
- Most commonly ,widely used
- Form stable oxide layer
3)CERAMIC:
- Can be bioactive /bioinert
- Low tensile strength
- Surface coat on titanium
4)COMPOSITE:
- Stress distribution
5)OTHER:
- Coating for metallic ,ceramic device
AIM OF THIS POST:
Today we started of with a small introduction on what an implant is ,parts of implant,characteristics of implant ,classification and functions .hope you all found this post informative .if this post helped you then do let me know in the comment section below as it would motivate me to post more such content .
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