CATECHOLAMINES -SYNTHESIS,THERAPEUTIC ACTION

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 CATECHOLAMINES

  • Neurotransmitter that take part in adrenergic transmission
  • Catecholamines are synthesised from adrenal medulla ,from a specialised cell:chromaffin cell 
  • The catecholamine includes :
  • Adrenaline
  • Nor -adrenaline
  • Dopamine
SYNTHESIS :
1)AT BLOOD :
Phenylalanine 
Phenylalanine hydroxylase 
Tyrosine

2) AT CYTOPLASM OF CHROMAFFIN CELL
Tyrosine 
Tyrosine hydroxylase 
DOPA(Dihydroxyphenylalanine)
DOPA decarboxylase 
DOPAMINE 

3)GRANULE OF CHROMAFFIN CELL 
DOPAMINE 
Dopamine - beta decarboxylase
Noradrenaline (undergo methylation to synthesis adrenaline)

METABOLISED AS :
1)SYMPATHETIC






EXCRETION :
1)Adrenaline and noradrenaline (less)
2)Metanephrine
3)Vanillylmandelic acid ( present in pheochromocytoma ) 

THERAPEUTIC ACTION:
1)ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK :
Increases blood pressure,counteract bronchospasm
2)ALONG WITH LOCAL ANAESTHETICS :
Adrenaline 1 in 80,000 ;1 in 2,00,000 - infiltration for nerve block ,spinal anaesthesia 
routinely included in dental anaesthesia (unless contraindicated)
3)CONTROL OF LOCAL BLEEDING:
Tooth socket ,epistaxis ,skin 
adrenaline 1 in 10,000 soaked in cotton is used to control arteriole and capillary bleeding 
4)CARDIAC ARREST :
Adrenaline injected intravenously - to stimulate the heart along with external cardiac massage 
5)ALLERGIC DISORDER:
Life saving in laryngeal edema ,urticaria,
angioedema :mouth ,face 
6)INSULIN HYPOGLYCEMIA 


AIM  OF THIS POST :

TODAY we started with a small introduction regarding what catecholamines are then we moved on to synthesis ,excretion and finally about its various therapeutic action .hope this post would have been informative if this post helped you learn then do let me know in the comment section below as this would motivate me to post more such content .
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