Exposure and processing errors along with correction strategies -faulty radiograph part 2

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     FAULTY RADIOGRAPH -PART2        

                           EXPOSURE ERROR:

STUDENTS CORNER:

Hi my dear stencilent family ,sorry for interepting, before moving on to the topic of discussion for today ,we also need to learn more reasons for faulty radiograpgh to occur along with its correction strategies to learn them , do click on the link provided patient and positioning errors.



DARK RADIOGRAPH:

REASONS:
  • PROLONGED EXPOSURE TIME (kvp)
  • HIGH KILOWOLTAGE POTENTIAL(MA)
  • Decreased film to source distance
CORRECTION:
  • Set exposure time kvp,MAcorrectly
  • Adjust film to source distance

LIGHT RADIOGRAPH

REASONS:
  • Low kvp -less MA
  • Less exposure 
  • Increased in film to source distance
CORRECTION:
  • Set exposure time kvp,MAcorrectly
  • Adjust film to source distance









PROCESSING ERROR:


DARK RADIOGRAPGH :

REASONS:

  • Developing time to long
  • High temperature of developer
  • Inadequate fixation
  • Light exposure before processing

CORRECTION:
  • Time -temperature method 
  • 68F-5 minute
  • 78F-4 and half munute 



LIGHT RADIOGRAPGH :

REASONS:
  • Less developing time
  • Low temperature of developer
  • Contaminated developer


CORRECTION:
  • To check time,temperature of developer




FILM FOG:

REASONS:
Improper safe light

CORRECTION:
check for proper safe light







BLACK MARK:

REASONS:
  • Placing of nail on film while opening film

CORRECTION:
  • Take precaution while opening 

BLACK SPOT:

REASONS:
  • Dust in contact with un devloped film
  • Touching of film during processing
  • Sticking of black paper to the film remove black paper carefully 
CORRECTION:
  • Take precaution while opening 
  • Sticking of black paper to the film remove black paper carefully 








WHITE STREAK:

REASONS:
film contamination 
dust on film


WHITE SPOT/AIR BUBBLE:

REASONS:
  • Trapping of air
  • Bubble on the film
  • Film agiating while developing film 

STATIC ELECTRICITY :

REASONS:
  • Rapid opening of film from pocket in peroid of low humidity 
  • Electrical discharge produced at surface of emulsion

CORRECTION:
  • Do not open  film very rapidly 

DEVELOPER CUT OFF:


EMULSION PEEL:

REASONS:
abrasion of film during procesing 

CORRECTION:
follow proper processing technique

BROWN STAINS/YELLOW STAINS :

REASONS:
  • Depleted developer solution and fixer solution 
  • Contaminated solution
  • Insufficient washing

CORRECTION:
  • Follow proper processing technique
  • Changing solution every four weeks 





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