Pathogenesis behind atherosclerosis

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 PATHOGENESIS OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS


INTRODUCTION:

  • Lipid plaque form on the inside wall of arteries
  • Arteries :narrowed and becomes hardened
  • Atherosclerosis is caused when endothelial wall get damaged by hypertension ,smoking,hyperglycemia
  • Increased permeability of arterial wall -allowing LDL cholesterol to get in 
  • White blood cells like monocyte ,move freely through blood vessel
  • Endothelial cell express adhesion protein molecule when an irritating stimuli ,tat capture monocyte ,undergo morphologic changes ,enter between cell -DIAPEDIESIS
  • White blood cell (engulf )produce free radical in contact with LDL  gets oxidized resulting in positive feedback situation 
  • Foam cell produced ,saturated with LDL die and release content ,that's taken by other white blood cell
  • Fragment of dead cell produce area with lipid core to form plaque
  • This plaque accumulate more calcium salt and dead cell leading to atherosclerosis
  • Blood clot form on endothelial wall thrombus
  • Flow through blood stream called embolus 









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